KangjuWars of the Former Han

Tang China

Western Xiongnu

41.4°N, 64.6°E· Uzbekistan

Land

3

WesternChinaHan

MylaeWars of the Second Triumvirate

Draw

38.2°N, 15.2°E· Italy

Sea

SicilyOctaviansMessinaOctavianMylaeTauromenium

NaulochusWars of the Second Triumvirate

Octavian

Pompey the Younger

38.2°N, 15.7°E· Italy

Sea

4

PompeysOctavianTauromenium

PhraaspaRoman-Parthian Wars

Media, Parthia

Rome

37.4°N, 47.2°E· Iran

Land

SyriaRomanParthianRoman-ParthianParthiaGindarusPhraaspa

TauromeniumWars of the Second Triumvirate

Pompey

Octavian

37.8°N, 15.4°E· Italy

Sea

OctaviansSicilianMessinaMylaeTauromenium