CassanoGuelf-Ghibeline Wars

Guelfs

Ghibelines

45.5°N, 9.5°E· Austria

Land

Massacre

ItalyMilanEzelinoMontaperti

Pelagonia3rd Latin Byzantine War

Byzantine Nicea

Epirus, Latin Byzantium, Sicily, Villehardouin

41.0°N, 21.3°E· Macedonia

Land

1

GermanGreekLatinMacedoniaFrankishLatin-ByzantinePelagoniaConstantinople