Medina, Saudi ArabiaCampaigns of the Prophet Mohammad

Muslim Ummah

Meccans, Arabian Jews

24.5°N, 39.5°E· Saudi Arabia

Land

2

MuslimsJewsSaudi ArabiaMedinaArabsMecca

NinevehByzantine-Persian Wars

Byzantium

Persia

36.4°N, 43.2°E· Iraq

Land

3

PersianByzantine